1. Synthesis
Cost scales with sequence length and with modifications. A three-residue compound is cheap chemistry: few coupling cycles, high crude yield, straightforward purification. A forty-plus-residue sequence is not, and a lipidated or otherwise modified compound is not, because each modification adds steps, reagents and yield loss. The mechanics are in how peptides are made.
This is what accounts for most of the price differences between compounds rather than between suppliers. A price gap between KPV and cagrilintide is chemistry. A price gap between two suppliers selling the same compound is something else.

